Table of Contents
1. Information as Bits
1.1 ASCII and Unicode
1.2 Unsigned binary numbers
1.3 Signed binary numbers: Two’s complement
1.4 Binary, hexadecimal, and octal
1.5 General number bases
1.6 Floating-point numbers
1.7 Floating-point arithmetic
1.8 Arrays
1.9 Records
1.10 Graphics
1.11 Image and video data
1.12 Audio
1.13 Naming numerous bits
2. MIPS Assembly, Part 1
2.1 Programmable processor concept
2.2 lw, sw: Load and store instructions
2.3 Memory alignment and endianness
2.4 addi, add: Add instructions
2.5 Comments
2.6 A small assembly program
2.7 sub, mul: Subtraction and multiplication instructions
2.8 beq, bne, j: Branch and jump instructions
2.9 slt: Set on less than instruction
2.10 Input / output
3. MIPS Assembly, Part 2
3.1 jal, jr: Subroutine instructions
3.2 Assembly program example: Subroutines
3.3 Load and store with offsets
3.4 Subroutines and the program stack
3.5 Machine instructions
3.6 Jump/branch immediates
3.7 Assemblers
3.8 Flowcharts and assembly programming
3.9 MIPSzy instruction summary
4. C to Assembly
4.1 Assignments
4.2 Expressions
4.3 Conserving registers
4.4 If-else
4.5 If-else expressions
4.6 Loops
4.7 Functions
4.8 Arrays and strings
4.9 Compilers
5. MIPSzy Processor Design
5.1 Review: Combinational circuits
5.2 Review: Decoders, muxes, and adders
5.3 Review: Timing diagrams
5.4 Review: Registers
5.5 Review: Register files
5.6 Base MIPSzy (lw, sw, addi, add): Behavior
5.7 Base MIPSzy: Processor design
5.8 Base MIPSzy + sub
5.9 Base MIPSzy + j / jal
5.10 Base MIPSzy + beq/bne
5.11 Base MIPSzy + slt
5.12 Base MIPSzy : Verilog
5.13 Base MIPSzy : VHDL
6. Memory
6.1 SRAM and DRAM
6.2 Chip economics
6.3 Composing memory
6.4 Cache basics: Part 1
6.5 Cache basics: Part 2
6.6 Set-associative cache
6.7 Memory hierarchy
6.8 Review: nMOS transistors
6.9 RAM design
6.10 ROM design
6.11 Virtual memory
6.12 Error detection
6.13 Data compression
7. Input/Output
7.1 Memory-mapped I/O
7.2 Interrupts
7.3 Polled and vectored interrupts
7.4 Handshaking
7.5 Buses
7.6 Arbitration
7.7 Direct memory access (DMA)
7.8 Serial communication
8. Appendix
8.1 MIPSzy C simulator
An Approachable Introduction to Computer Organization
Introduction to Computer Systems and Assembly Programming introduces fundamental concepts on a simple yet practical MIPS subset (MIPSzy), demonstrating and teaching how to translate C constructs to MIPSzy assembly, digital design, memory concepts, input/output concepts, and more.Â
- Shows how to design the MIPSzy processor using single-cycle execution
- Includes a built-in MIPSzy (and MIPS) simulator
- Integrated with over 100 auto-generated, auto-graded homework exercises
- Adopters have access to a test bank with questions for every chapter
How this zyBook Works:
What is a zyBook?
Introduction to Computer Systems and Assembly Programming is a web-native, interactive zyBook that helps students visualize concepts to learn faster and more effectively than with a traditional textbook. (Check out our research.)
Since 2012, over 1,700 academic institutions have adopted digital zyBooks to transform their STEM education.
zyBooks benefit both students and instructors:
- Instructor benefits
- Customize your course by reorganizing existing content, or adding your own content
- Continuous publication model updates your course with the latest content and technologies
- Robust reporting gives you insight into students’ progress, reading and participation
- Save time with auto-graded labs and challenge activities that seamlessly integrate with your LMS gradebook
- Build quizzes and exams with hundreds of included test questions
- Student benefits
- Learning questions and other content serve as an interactive form of reading
- Instant feedback on labs and homework
- Concepts come to life through extensive animations embedded into the interactive content
- Review learning content before exams with different questions and challenge activities
- Save chapters as PDFs to reference the material at any time
Authors
Frank Vahid
Professor of Computer Science and Engineering, Univ. of California, Riverside
Roman Lysecky
Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Univ. of Arizona
